Camels in Australia

 

1.       Introduction

 

There are approximately 20 million camels in the world. The largest stocks exist as domestic herds in African nations Arabian Peninsula and to a lesser extent Pakistan and India. Generally they are valued for their production of milk, meat, hides, dung for fuel, transport, security and capital (Australian govt.: Department of Agriculture, 2008). Australia is the only country in the world with feral camels. Some 600,000 plus animals roam the most remote parts of the country, not only surviving but doing extremely well in a land where 70% is classed arid. Australia is now classed as the only place in the world where single hump feral camels roam the deserts. At present Australia receives enquires for camel meat and live sales from Egypt, Libya, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Malaysia, United States of America, Belgium, China, Brunei, Thailand and Kuwait. Markets and personal trader contacts need to be researched and established with these countries.

 

2.       History of camels in Australia

 

The first camel in Australia was imported from the Canary Islands in 1840 by Horrock. From 1840 to 1907, between 10 000 and 20 000 one-humped dromedary camels (Camelus dromedaries) were imported into Australia. Camels were used as transport and to assist in exploration. A grown male camel can carry up to 600 kilograms. Large numbers of camels were used in the Western Australian goldfields in the 1890s. Camels hauled heavy machinery and transported supplies as well as people. Racing camels was also a popular pastime amongst prospectors and Afghan traders. By 1930, camels had largely been replaced by motor vehicles and rail transport. Some of the unwanted camels were destroyed, but most were simply released into the wild. Camels are highly suited to the dry remote areas of Australia. Released camels thrived and bred prolifically. The camels brought into Australia were almost exclusively the one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) which are found in hot desert areas and are highly suited to the climate in Australia. Only about 20 of the two-humped camels (Camelus bactrianus) normally found in cold deserts were imported into Australia. In the late 1960s renewed interest occurred in camels and by 1970 Australia had two camel tourist businesses both operating in Alice Springs. 1971 saw the inaugural Lions Club Camel Cup race in Alice Springs. There are now several camel races held around Australia. These races are over about Ikm as compared to the long distance races (10km+) in Saudi Arabia. The slaughter of camels for human consumption commenced at Alice Springs in the 1980s. http://www.camelsaust.com.au/history.htm

 

3.       Types of camels

 

Many different types and breeds of camels were brought into Australia. They included the large, fleece-bearing, two-humped Bactrian camel of China and Mongolia, the elite Bishari and Bikaneri riding camels of Arabia, and the powerful, freight carrying lowland Indian camels, capable of moving huge loads of up to 800 kilograms. The Australian camels are descendants of camels originally imported into Australia.

 

       Bactrian camel

The only other surviving species of true camel today is the Bactrian camel. The Bactrian camel is a stockier and sturdier animal, being able to survive from Iran to the Tibet. Bactrian camels are still in existence in the Gobi desert. The legs of these animals are long and slender and terminate in two toes. The neck and head are elongate, and there is a cleft upper lip. The period of gestation is about 1 year and the female breeds every second year, producing one young (colt). The Bactrian camel is stronger and more heavily built than the dromedary and is more suitable as a pack animal. There are two humps of fatty tissue, one over the shoulders and the other atop the hindquarters. This animal is economically important as it provides milk, meat, and leather for the nomads in central Asia.

       Dromedary

The Dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) is taller than the Bactrian and has a single hump of fatty tissue, which can be used as a food reserve. There are two varieties of this species found in the desert. One is the baggage camel, used as a beast of burden. The other type is the more slightly built racing camel. The species is well suited to desert life with its broad feet adapted to walking on sand, its ability to close its nostrils completely, and its double row of interlocking eyelashes. The dromedary camel is one of the better-known members of the camel family. The dromedary is taller and faster: with a rider they can maintain 8-9 mph for hours at a time.

 

Animals which have reverted to the wild state are said to be feral. The wild camels are also called feral camel in Australia. About 500,000 survive wild in the outback ; the only substantial feral camel population in the world. Australia's wild camel population is the biggest in the world.

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4.       Distribution of camels in Australia

 

Feral camels occur in approximately 40 per cent of the Australian mainland. They are scattered through the arid interior of Australia with an estimate of 50% in Western Australia, 25% in the Northern Territory, and 25% in western Queensland and northern South Australia. The biggest herds live in the desert regions near the borders of Western Australia, the Northern Territory and South Australia. Camels range widely over sandy areas but avoid wet or very rocky regions. In Western Australia, camels are present in the arid central desert areas but do not extend into the rugged areas of the Kimberley. Feral camel numbers in Western Australia are estimated to be around 500 000 (2007). This is approximately 50 per cent of the total Australian camel population. Western Australia is now home to the largest herd of feral camels in the world. In other parts of the world, Camel herds are mostly domesticated. In the Australian desert, camels may now out number red kangaroos by 100 to 1. The Conservation Commission of the Northern Territory detailed aerial survey in 1994 over the southern half of the NT indicated a population of approx. 60,000 camels. The 2001 survey by the Northern Territory Parks & Wildlife Commission has estimated the present feral camel population in the Northern Territory to be in excess of 200,000. The likely Australian population is now 600,000.

This map shows the main breeding grounds for Australia's feral camels. Southern Australia (SA) being one of the key states.

There are over 50 Australian camel farms, trying to lure domestic and international tourists. Most camel farms are in Western Australia or the Northern Territory, there are some in Queensland and South Australia, and even some in Victoria and New South Wales although those states don't have any wild camels.

 

5.       Description and categorization of camels for sale

Camels being offered for sale need to be described or categorized into a standard system so that the purchaser has an accurate picture of the animal. A descriptive language has proved to be of great benefit to the development of other animal industries in Australia. There is no existing system that formally describes the live camel.

This system is based on six criteria:

·  Age

·  Sex and Pregnancy status

·  Weight

·  Body conformation and Breed

·  Colour

ª AGEING CAMELS BY EXAMINATION OF TEETH

Camel teeth erupt and then develop to reach full size at approximately constant ages of the animal. Some minor variation does exist and the ages given in these notes are average expectations.

The most convenient teeth for ageing purposes are the incisors (front teeth), the canines (The pointed teeth beside incisors) and the first of the premolars. The remaining teeth are hidden by the cheeks. The camel has a narrow mouth and, if the teeth within the cheeks need to be properly examined, an oral speculum, or mouth gag, and a light source may be required. Good restraint is always necessary and, for the sake of safety and expediency, it is best to examine the teeth with the camel hooshed down. It is usual for the examination to be accompanied by vocal complaint and possibly some regurgitation.

Following full tooth development, wear commences. The rate of wear is influenced by the camel’s particular environment, which can influence the amount of abrasive material contacted during eating.

Incisor teeth: are the teeth that are across the front of the mouth. Camels have six (2 centrals, 2 laterals and 2 corners) in the lower-jaw, and only two corners in the upper jaw that tend to be conical in shape. These upper incisors are less well developed, or may be absent, in adult females.

The camel’s first incisors are deciduous (also called milk, or temporary teeth) and are replaced by permanent incisors later. Deciduous incisors are smaller than permanent incisors at all stages of development and wear. Also, even when fully developed, deciduous incisors have a distinct neck towards gum level. Deciduous incisors often wear down to become small, loose stumps prior to shedding.

Canine teeth: are conically shaped teeth (also called tusks or tushes) that develop in the space between the corner incisor and the first premolar tooth in both upper and lower jaws. They are primarily fighting teeth and are usually larger in males than in females. Deciduous canines are later replaced by large, permanent canine teeth.

Premolar teeth: are the most forward of the grinding teeth set further back in the jaws and within the camel’s cheeks. Premolar teeth are all deciduous. The camel has three upper and three lower premolars, but the first (the most forward) lower one is generally not replaced by a permanent tooth, while all the others are. The upper first premolar is a cone shaped tooth (tending to be tusk-like).

Molar teeth: develop behind the premolars only as permanent teeth; they have no deciduous precursors. The camel has three upper and three lower molars on each side of the mouth.

Eruption: is when any part of a tooth has just penetrated the gum. In some instances this may be better felt than seen.

Illustration of deciduous and permanent teeth: in the accompanying diagrams deciduous teeth are left white. Permanent teeth are indicated by some shading above the gum line.

NOTE - Severe wear normally seen in camels at age 4.5 - 5 years can be confused with that seen in very old camels. In the younger mouth the worn down deciduous teeth will be seen as smaller stumps and most, if not all, will be loose. In the older camel the stumps will be larger and firm, and the older camel’s gums may be yellowish rather than pink. A golden rule is to look at the camel before looking in the mouth - if the camel looks young it probably is young.

 

Teeth at Nine Months Eruption of central deciduous incisors occurs at birth to 14 days, laterals at 4 - 5 weeks and corners at 6 - 12 weeks, and, commencing with the centrals, some wear may be occurring by 6 months. Deciduous canines and upper premolars 1, 2 & 3 and lower premolars I & 2 are all obvious by 6 months. Upper deciduous corner incisors may have shed from females by 12 months.

 

Teeth at One and One Half Years A full set of deciduous teeth are present by one year of age and all lower incisors are in wear. All deciduous teeth are fully functional at eighteen months. Upper and lower molar 1’s (permanent teeth) erupt between 12 and 15 months and are proud of the gums by 18 months.

 

Teeth at Three and One Half Years At 2 - 2.5 years deciduous incisor teeth show progressive wear and separation. Also, all molar 1’s come into wear at 2 - 2.5 years and all molar 2’s are about to erupt . At 3 - 3.5 years deciduous incisors are well worn and separated and some may be loosening. and all molar 2’s have erupted.

 

Teeth at Fifteen Years At 4 years deciduous incisors have worn down to small irregularly shaped, loose stumps. At 4.5 - 5 years lower deciduous premolars are shed and are usually not replaced. Permanent central incisors erupt behind the deciduous stumps (if latter still present). At 5 - 5.5 years upper permanent premolars 2 & 3’s, and permanent lower premolar 2’s erupt. Deciduous lateral incisors are shed. Upper and lower molar 1’s and 2’s are in wear and molar 3’s about to erupt. At 6 - 7 years upper corner permanent incisors (not found in every camel), upper and lower permanent canines and upper permanent premolars have all become apparent. Permanent central and lateral incisors are in wear, and lower permanent corner incisors erupt and develop. All upper and lower permanent premolars and molars are in wear by 7 years. At 8 years all permanent teeth are present and in wear. Premolar 1’s, when present, are darkly stained due to plaque and scale. Canines, particularly in males, are large and powerful. 8 - 15 years sees progressive wear of the teeth at a rate related to the food consumed and its content of abrasives. Definite separation of the permanent incisors usually commences at about 15 years. ª Sex of the camel
·      MALE Mature Bull or Immature Bull MUST state if bull is in rut. It is very important to the buyer to know if the mature bull is in rut and if so, the stage of the rut. i.e. mature bulls in rut are not suitable for the abattoir trade.

 

·      FEMALE Heifer or Cow If the pregnancy status is unknown then describe it as such.

 

·      CASTRATED OR SPAYED STEER A steer is a camel which was castrated early in life and under the age of 6 years old i.e. no erupted permanent canine teeth. BULLOCK A bullock is a camel greater than 6 years old i.e. with permanent canine teeth erupted, which was castrated after sexual maturity or was a steer. SPAYED A spayed camel is a female camel which has had both ovaries removed.

ª Weight

Weight of camels is described by:

·      Live weight

·      Estimated live weight

·      Estimated Hot Standard Carcase Weight

Weight descriptions for a lot or consignment are specified by average and range.

Live Weight is stated in kilograms and any time off feed, or feed and water immediately prior to weighing is stated.

For example: Live weight
Average: 450 kg, 4 hours off feed
Range: 430 - 470 kg, 0 hours off water

Estimated Hot Standard Carcase Weight (EHSCW):
is determined from the live weight.

ª Body CONFORMATION and Breed ·      SIZE OF LONGBONES OR FORELEGS There was considerable genetic diversity in the camels imported into Australia. In broad terms there were three general types. ° The light framed riding camels °     The tall heavy framed draught camels ° The stocky thick set draft camels Although all camels have intermingled freely for the past 80 - 100 years, camels should be categorized into one of the above types for an accurate description. The camels that suit the abattoir trade are generally the load carrying types, while specialised riding camels (racing) generally are the light framed type. ·      Breed Classifications of the breed Camelus  Dromedarius affect the conformation to a large extent. There are many classifications of the dromedary camel throughout the regions of its traditional global habitat. These are far too numerous to list here, but suffice to say that the majority of camels imported into Australia came from the regions of the Great Indian Desert in northern India and the Thar Desert in Pakistan. These were the heavy draft camel. Over many years of natural breeding in the arid areas of Australia, the camel has evolved to produce a typical Australian camel. This is still basically a heavy draft type of camel and is unique only in that it is derived from the only remaining wild herds in the world.

 

 

 

 

There were also a few two-humped camels (Camelus Bactrianus) imported into Australia. When cross bred with the dromedary camel the resulting progeny have a unique conformation. Typically they are shorter in stature, stocky and heavily muscled with one long hump giving the appearance of an elongated body. Another distinguishing feature is the extensive coat distribution of wool. This crossbreed does occur but is not common in the Australian feral herd.
The condition of a camel is estimated by looking at the store of body fat i.e., the hump. This reflects the internal fat reserves and provides a good correlation with total body fat. The camel deposits excess energy as fat into the hump sac and into some internal linings. This contrasts to the energy reserves of other species where fat is deposited into the subcutaneous tissues, internal linings and within the muscles. During processing at the abattoir the internal body fat and hump fat is removed. Excessive fat limits the exercise tolerance of the camel and makes long distance transport stressful. Camels destined for the abattoir should be hump score 3 or 4.

 

ª Colour

 

The dromedary camel has both hair and wool and these specifications are based on the following most common coloured coats.

 

SANDY Beige / light brown. This is the most common camel colour and is often described as “Camel”.

 

WHITE Very light sandy colour to creamy or white.

 

RED Red / ginger to red / brown.

 

GREY Grey / blue to smokey grey often with black points.

 

BLACK Black / grey or grey with substantial black points.

 

6.       Uses of camels in Australia

Camel meat production in 2003/04 was 14 tonnes/year, with a gross value of $36,000. The CACIA is continuing to work with the industry to promote the value of camel meat and other products such as camel oil, wool and leather. Camel leather, in particular, has made some promising inroads into the United States and Italian markets in recent years. It is a popular material for fashion accessories, belts, jackets, shoes and upholstery as it has high quality tensile strength and an attractive grain pattern.

7.       Exporting from Australia

 

        

 

 

       To get all the information about exporting from Australia contact

http://www.austrade.gov.au/How-to-export/default.aspx

 

i.  Exporting camels from Australia

Live exports began in 2001.

Australia first began exporting to Brunei and Malaysia but Middle East now dominates the market, with the potential for more to come. “Egypt and Saudi and countries like that have the biggest potential,” Seidel said.

 

In 2003/04 shipments of live camels were valued at more than double that of camel products. There were 115 live camels exported to Malaysia (57%), Brunei Darussalam (35%) and Saudi Arabia (7%) during this time receiving a gross value of $82,000. The number and destination of live camel exports ranges greatly from year to year as the industry is still in its infancy. However, in 2006/07 there was a significant increase in the number of camels exported with 363 camels shipped to Malaysia (94%) and the Philippines (6%).

These figures have been sourced from Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation (RIRDC) and the Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service (AQIS) (2004).

ii.         Exporting camels to Saudi Arabia

The ranchers of Oz shipped 119 camels from the northern port city of Darwin to the desert kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Peter Seidel, the executive officer of the Central Australian Camel Association, told ABCNEWS.com while camels still exist in Saudi Arabia, they are largely bred for racing.

The Saudi camels are the equivalent of thoroughbreds, while the ones in Australia are like draft horses. Both countries' camels are the dromedary, one-humped camels. The Bactrian, or two-humped camels are found mostly in Central Asia. But there's very little difference in the taste of the animals — thoroughbred or draft, Bactrian or Dromedary, Seidel said. "It's all very much the same."

The camel has always been part of the traditional Muslim diet. Every year, hundreds of thousands of camels are slaughtered during the Muslim pilgrimage, or Hajj, in Mecca. The Saudis traditionally imported camels from North Africa, but various factors, including disease, drought and political instability led them to look elsewhere.

Australia has the world's only remaining herds of wild camel. In the rest of the world, camels are domesticated and managed in private herds (Chang, 2009).

 

iii.       Names of Australian companies that export camels

 

       Camels Australia Export is the registered business name of the Central Australian Camel Industry Association Inc (CACIA).

This Association is made up of members from the pastoral industry, meat industry, aboriginal communities, tourism operators, transport operators, contractors and Government agencies.

The role of CACIA is to promote the sustainable development of the camel industry through the use, knowledge and well-being of camels in Australia.

http://www.camelsaust.com.au/contact.htm

 

For all Camel Industry and Film/Television location enquiries, please contact;

Camels Australia Export
PO Box 2460
Alice Springs, NT, 0871
Australia

Phone: (08) 8953 6200 (within Australia)
Phone: 61 8 8953 6200 (outside Australia)

Fax: (08) 8953 6211 (within Australia)
Fax: 61 8 8953 6211 (outside Australia)

Email: info@camelsaust.com.au

 

 

For all meat purchasing enquiries, contact; Peter Seidel Camel Exports Pty Ltd P O Box 3895 Alice Springs NT 0871 Phone: (08) 8953 0539 (within Australia) Phone: 61 8 8953 0539 (outside Australia) Fax: (08) 8952 7917 (within Australia) Fax: 61 8 8952 7917 (outside Australia) Mobile: 0419 846 780 Email: peterseidel@camelsaust.com.au     Wyuna Meats Pty Ltd PO Box 995 Adelaide, SA, 5001 Australia Phone: (08) 8363 1570 (within Australia) Phone: 61 8 8363 1570 (outside Australia) Fax: (08) 8362 9186 (within Australia) Fax: 61 8 8362 9186 (outside Australia) Email: wyuna@iprimus.com.au     Gary Dann Territory Camels P O Box 2046 Alice Springs NT 0871 Phone: (08) 8953 6912 (within Australia) Phone: 61 8 8953 6912 (outside Australia

 

 

       Camels Australia - Alice Springs

 

Camels Australia - Alice Springs are a company based in Via Alice Springs in the Australian state of NT. Their main business area is camels.

 

Camels Australia - Alice Springs
PMB 74
Stuart's Well via
Via Alice Springs 870
NT
Australia

Phone:	61 8 8956 0925
Fax:	61 8 8956 0909

http://www.australianexporters.net/companyID1337.htm

 

 

       Paddy McHugh

They supply a whole range of camels and products to anywhere in the world. Their Australian AQIS export license number L580.

Their Contact Details:

Paddy McHugh Managing Director Paddy McHugh.com Pty Ltd

Australian Camel Farm Pty Ltd

PO Box 245, Belgian Gardens,

Townsville, Queensland 4810. 

Australia

Phone / Fax: 61 7 4721 6720

Mobile: 61  0427 21 6720

Satellite: 61 0420 10 6720

http://www.paddymchugh.com/camels.html

 

       Australia - Live Animals ( Camels )

Australian made - beautiful live one hump camels, male & female in air or sea shipment lots ex main ports Australia. Top condition, very fast, suit racing or as ships of the desert. These are free range calm animals that mix on very large acreage( big farm ) with domesticated camels & can be easily trained. Call day or night.

 

Contact:

Wayne or Renee Jackson

 

http://www.aaaoe.com/sell/108/camel_107850/Australia_Live_Animals_Camels_.html

 

       Sell Camel

We are a leading supplier of camel to Middle-east and South-east Asia. 

Contact:

Ms. Sara Chung

 

 

http://www.aaaoe.com/sell/94/camel_93405/Sell_Camel.html

 

8.       Camel races

 

       Lions Alice Springs Camel Cup Committee

 

Saturday 11th July, 2009 Blatherskite Park, Alice Springs

http://www.camelcup.com.au/

 

       Boulia Camel Races

Phone: 07 4746 3386
Email: tourism@boulia.qld.gov.au
Web: www.boulia.qld.gov.au

Venue: Boulia Rodeo Grounds
Selwyn Road
Boulia
Queensland, Australia
4829

 

9.       Export services support

 

       Australian Institute of Export

The Australian Institute of Export (AIEx) was established in 1956.  AIEx is a national, not-for-profit membership organisation.  AIEx provides practical export education & training, a wide range of exporter services, a conduit between industry & government, and exporter recognition events. AIEx operates in all states of Australia and is a member of the International Association of Trade Training Organisations.

http://www.aiex.com.au/

 

       Austrade services

This service helps companies who are ready to export, or who are already   exporting and wanting to expand into new overseas markets.

 

Contact them on 13 28 78 between 9.00am-5.30pm

Austrade's offices in Saudi Arabia

 

The Austrade offices in Saudi Arabia are responsible for Bahrain, Kuwait and Yemen and can assist with any queries. 

Diplomatic Quarter
P.O. Box 94400

Riyadh 11693
Tel: (96 61) 488 7788
Fax:(96 61) 488 7458
P.O. Box 122390

Jeddah 21332
Tel: (96 62) 652 8540
Fax:(96 62) 652 8560

To contact Austrade call 13 28 78 (Australia only) or email info@austrade.gov.au.

For more related information:

·   Australian exporters – Country profiles of: Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Kuwait and Yemen 

·   International buyers – Middle East North Africa

·   International investors – Investment homepage or Investment specialists

 

       TradeStart is a national network of export assistance offices, partnerships between Austrade and a range of local private and public sector organisations throughout Australia. The TradeStart Program promotes exporting, international business and the Australian Government’s trade agenda and assists potential exporters to become established exporters.

TradeStart office locations are in appendix 1

 

 

       Listings of freight forwarding companies

 

·   The Australian Freight Councils Network – www.freightcouncils.com.au 
Provides references to state and territory-based freight organisations covering both air and sea cargo. Check the websites of members for information on services.

·   The Australian Trade and Shipping – www.australiatrade.com.au/shipping 
Provides useful background information, as well as data on the company’s services.

·   The Logistics Association of Australia – www.laa.asn.au 
provides some useful background on logistics.

 

       Links to websites with information related to import / export with Australia

 

·    For export related matter click here

·   To send an enquiry regarding importing from Australia here

·   For general enquiry form click here

 

 

       For more information on export from Australia go to

 http://www.austrade.gov.au/Contact-Austrade/default.aspx

 

       Useful websites related to exports are in Appendix 2

 

 

10.  References:

 

(2004) Australia exports wild camels to Middle East. Daily Express: INDEPENDENT NATIONAL NEWSPAPER OF EAST MALAYSIA.

AUSTRALIAN GOVT.: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, F. A. F. (2008) Camels.

CHANG, A. (2009) Australia Exporting Camels for Saudi Diners. ABC News.

 

 

 

Appendix 1

TradeStart office locations

 

Australian Capital Territory
Barton - NSW Business Chamber Unit 6, 125 Gladstone Street Fyshwick ACT 2609 Australia PO Box 4255, Manuka, ACT 2603 Export Adviser: Robert Chua Tel: (02) 6280-6468 / 6280-8546 Mob: 0419 257 694 Fax: (02) 6239-1947 Email: robert.chua@australianbusiness.com.au Web: www.nswbusinesschamber.com.au

 

New South Wales
Bega Export Hub - NSW Department of State & Regional Development Bega Valley Shire Council. Zingle Place Bega, NSW 2550 Export Adviser: Rory McAlester Tel: (02) 6499-2369 Fax: (02)6499-2200 Email: rory.mcalester@business.nsw.gov.au Web: www.smallbiz.nsw.gov.au	Central Coast - NSW Department of State & Regional Development North Loop Road, Central Coast Campuses, Ourimbah PO Box 260, Ourimbah 2258 Export Adviser: Sharon Foster Tel: (02) 4340-8703 Fax: (02) 4362-3095 Email: Sharon.Foster@business.nsw.gov.au Web: www.business.nsw.gov.au
Coffs Harbour - NSW Department of State & Regional Development Level 1, Coffs Harbour Arcade 36-38 Harbour Drive Coffs Harbour NSW 2450 Export Adviser: Gabrielle Oriel Tel: (02) 6583-5647 Fax: (02) 6583-5285 Email: gabrielle.oriel@business.nsw.gov.au Web: www.business.nsw.gov.au	Dubbo - NSW Department of State & Regional Development 1st Floor, 47-49 Wingewarra St Dubbo NSW 2830 Export Adviser: Barry Alston Tel: (02) 6883-3104 Fax: (02) 6883-3131 Email: Barry.Alston@business.nsw.gov.au Web: www.business.nsw.gov.au
Hills District (Sydney West) – NSW Department of State & Regional Development Baulkham Hills Shire Council Building 129 Showground Road Castle Hill  NSW 2153 Export Adviser: Malcolm Lemaire Tel: (02) 9843 0382 Email: malcolm.lemaire@business.nsw.gov.au Web: www.business.nsw.gov.au	Mascot – NSW Business Chamber Level 1 Unit 7, 11 Lord Street, Botany NSW 2019 Export Advisers: Grant Payne and Gary Dawes Tel: (02) 8335 0811 | (02) 8335 0822 Fax: (02) 8335 0803 Email: grant.payne@nswbc.com.au Email: gary.dawes@nswbc.com.au Web: www.nswbusinesschamber.com.au
North Sydney - NSW Business Chamber 140 Arthur Street North Sydney NSW 2060 Export Adviser: Betina Reid Tel: (02) 9458-7494 Fax: (02) 9955-8914 Email: betina.reid@nswbc.com.au Web: www.nswbusinesschamber.com.au	Nowra - NSW Department of State & Regional Development 57 Worrigee St Nowra Nowra NSW 2541 Export Adviser: Rory McAlester Tel: (02) 4421-1000 Fax: (02) 4423-7957 Email: rory.mcalester@business.nsw.gov.au Web: www.smallbiz.nsw.gov.au
Orange - NSW Department of State & Regional Development Tradestart Export Adviser: Ian Sanders Suite 1, Level 2, 206 Lords Place Orange 2800 PO Box 1620 Tel: (02) 6360-8420 Fax: (02) 6360-8484 Email: Ian.Sanders@business.nsw.gov.au Web: www.business.nsw.gov.au	Penrith - NSW Business Chamber Level 1, N&K Centre 450-454 High St, Penrith NSW 2750 Australia Export Adviser: Lance Scoular Tel: (02) 4721 3274 Fax: (02) 4721 3247 Email: lance.scoular@nswbc.com.au Web: www.nswbusinesschamber.com.au
Parramatta - NSW Business Chamber 19 Fennell St North Parramatta NSW 2151 Export Adviser: Geoff Starr Tel: (02) 8838-0408 Fax: (02) 9630-4641 Email: Geoff.Starr@nswbc.com.au Web: www.nswbusinesschamber.com.au	Sutherland - Australian Institute of Export Unit 1A, Sutherland Shire Business Centre 29-33 Waratah St Sutherland NSW 2232 Export Adviser: Monique Donaldson Tel: (02) 9545-5911 Fax: (02) 9545-5988 Email: moniquedonaldson@aiex.com.au
Tamworth - NSW Department of State and Regional Development 11-15 Dowe Street Tamworth NSW 2340 Export Adviser: Chris Celovic Tel: (02) 6766-8426 Fax: (02) 6766-1378 Email: chris.celovic@business.nsw.gov.au Web: www.business.nsw.gov.au	Tweed Heads Export Hub - NSW Business Chamber 40 Frances St Tweed Heads NSW 2485 Export Adviser: John Murray Tel: (07) 5599-4521 Fax: (07) 5599-4705 Email: john.murray@nswbc.com.au Web: www.nswbusinesschamber.com.au
Wagga Wagga - NSW Department of State and Regional Development 48 Fitzmaurice St Wagga Wagga NSW 2650 Export Adviser: Wayne Murphy Tel: (02) 6921-6422 Fax: (02) 6921-0780 Email: wayne.murphy@business.nsw.gov.au Web: www.business.nsw.gov.au

 

Northern Territory
Alice Springs - Chamber of Commerce NT Suite 8, 1st Floor Todd Mall Centre, Reg Harris Lane Alice Springs NT 0870 Export Adviser: Cate Povey Tel: (08) 8952-4377 Fax: (08) 8952-1769 Web: www.chambernt.com.au Email: cpovey@chambernt.com.au	Darwin Export Hub - Chamber of Commerce NT 1/2 Shepherd St Darwin NT 0800 Export Adviser: Bernie Kelly Tel: (08) 8982-8144 Fax: (08) 8981-1405 Web: www.chambernt.com.au Email: bkelly@chambernt.com.au

 

Queensland
Brisbane – Chamber of Commerce & Industry Queensland Industry House 375 Wickham Terrace Brisbane QLD 4000 Export Advisor: Courtney Ford Tel: (07) 3842-2218 Fax: (07) 3013-3408 Email: cford@cciq.com.au Web:  www.cciq.com.au	Bundaberg Export Hub – Trade Queensland Queensland Government office 205 Bourbong Street Bundaberg QLD 4670 Export Adviser: Frank Smith Tel: (07) 4151-9708 Fax: (07) 4151-9711 Email: frank.smith@trade.qld.gov.au Web: www.export.qld.gov.au
Gold Coast - Gold Coast City Council Level 1, Waterside West Holden Place Bundall QLD 9729 Export Adviser: Ross Giudice Tel: (07) 5581-7732 Fax: (07) 5581-7838 Email: rgiudice@goldcoast.qld.gov.au Web: www.businessgc.com.au	Gold Coast - Southport – Trade Queensland Queensland Government office 26 Marine Parade Southport QLD 4215 Export Adviser: Linda Cunningham Tel: (07) 5583-7596 Fax: (07) 5583-7591 Email: linda.cunningham@trade.qld.gov.au Web: www.export.qld.gov.au
Cairns – Trade Queensland Queensland Government office Port Authority Building Cnr Hartley and Grafton Sts Cairns QLD 4870 Export Adviser: John Bissell Tel: (07) 4048-1113 Fax: (07) 4048-1122 Email: John.Bissell@.trade.gov.au Web: www.export.qld.gov.au	Mackay – Trade Queensland Queensland Government office 67-69 Sydney Street Mackay QLD 4740 Export Adviser: Diane Anstee Tel: (07) 4967 1078 Fax: (07) 4967 1079 Email: diane.anstee@trade.qld.gov.au Web: www.export.qld.gov.au
Rockhampton – Trade Queensland Queensland Government office Level 1, 149 Bolsover St Rockhampton QLD 4700 Export Adviser: Trudy McCaul Tel: (07) 4938-4225 Fax: (07) 4938-4986 Email: Trudy.McCaul@trade.qld.gov.au Web: www.export.qld.gov.au	Sunshine Coast – Trade Queensland Queensland Government office Level 2, CBD Centre 12 Innovation Park Way Birtinya Queensland 4575 Export Adviser: Joanne Freeman Tel: (07) 5437 1319 Fax: (07) 5437-1310 Email: Joanne.Freeman@trade.qld.gov.au Web: www.export.qld.gov.au
Toowoomba – Trade Queensland Queensland Government office Downs Business Centre, 4 Little Street Toowoomba QLD 4350 Export Adviser: Anthony Holzwart Tel: (07) 4698-9800 Fax: (07) 4638-2139 Email: anthony.holzwart@trade.qld.gov.au Web: www.export.qld.gov.au

 

South Australia
Adelaide - Department of Trade and Economic Development Level 10, 178 North Terrace Adelaide SA 5000 Export Adviser: Rob Bridge Tel: (08) 8303-2193 Fax: (08) 8303-2410 Email: rob.bridge@state.sa.gov.au Web: www.southaustralia.biz	Mt Gambier - Department of Trade and Economic Development Old Town Hall, Commercial St East Mt Gambier SA 5290 Export Adviser: Bruce Rodda Tel: (08) 8762-3522 Fax: (08) 8762-1768 Email: bruce@lcrdb.com Web: www.southaustralia.biz
Port Augusta Export Hub - Department of Trade and Economic Development 500 Stirling Road Port Augusta SA 5700 Export Adviser: Phil Hart Tel: (08) 8642-2999 Fax: (08) 8641-1999 Email: Phil@wedb.com.au Web: www.southaustralia.biz	Port Lincoln - Department of Trade and Economic Development 89 Liverpool St Port Lincoln SA 5606 Export Adviser: Nigel Edmonds-Wilson Tel: (08) 8682-6588 Fax: (08) 8682-5081 Email: nigel@erdb.org.au Web: www.southaustralia.biz

 

Tasmania
Launceston Export Hub - Tasmanian Chamber of Commerce & Industry 68-72 Cameron Street Launceston TAS 7250 Export Adviser: Ian Martin Tel: (03) 6331-1148 Fax: (03) 6334-6400 Email: ian.martin@tcci.com.au Web: www.tcci.com.au	Hobart - Tasmanian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Industry House, 30 Burnett St North Hobart TAS 7000 Export Adviser: Sally Chandler Tel: (03) 6236-3600 Fax: (03) 6231-1278 Email: sally.chandler@tcci.com.au

 

Victoria
Ballarat Export Hub - Australian Institute of Export 48 Sturt Street (Cnr Camp Street) Ballarat VIC 3350 Export Adviser: Mark Sutherland Tel: (03) 5331-9588 Fax: (03) 5320-5998 Email: marksutherland@aiex.com.au Web: www.aiex.com.au	Bendigo - Australian Institute of Export Victorian Business Centre 46 Edward St Bendigo VIC 3550 Export Adviser: Scott McGillivray Tel: (03) 5442-6522 Fax: (03) 5442-5452 Email: scottmcgillivray@aiex.com.au Web: www.aiex.com.au
Geelong - Australian Institute of Export 69 Moorabool St Geelong VIC 3220 Export Adviser: Lena Neill Tel: (03) 5222-5657 Fax: (03) 5229-9503 Mobile: 0427 603 143 Email: lenaneill@aiex.com.au Web: www.aiex.com.au	Melbourne - The Australian Industry Group 20 Queens Road Melbourne Victoria 3004 Export Advisers: Carolyn MacGill and Craig Malcolm Tel: (03) 9867-0128 Fax: (03) 9867-0271 Email: cmacgill@aigroup.asn.au and cmalcolm@aigroup.asn.au
Melbourne - Grant Thornton Level 2, 215 Spring Street Melbourne Victoria 3000 Export Advisers: Simon Mahady and Teresa Lever Tel: (03) 8663-6416 Fax: (03) 8663-6333 Email: smahady@grantthorntonvic.com.au and tlever@grantthorntonvic.com.au Web: www.grantthornton.com.au	Mildura - Australian Institute of Export TradeStart Mildura PO Box 2244 67 Deakin Avenue Mildura Vic 3502 Export Adviser: Craig Urand Tel: (03) 5023-2363 Mob: +61 418 502 460 Fax: (03) 5021-0022 Email: Export@Sunraysia.com.au Web: www.aiex.com.au
Mulgrave - Australian Institute of Export Suite 28, Monash Business Incubator 5a Hartnett Close Mulgrave VIC 3170 Export Adviser: Heidi Yang Tel: (03) 8562-2241 Fax: (03) 8562-2288 Email: heidiyang@aiex.com.au Web: www.aiex.com.au	Preston - NIETL/North Link St Georges Road Preston VIC 3072 Export Adviser: Jurgen Meyer Tel: (03) 9479-3336 Fax: (03) 9467-8310 Email: j.meyer@latrobe.edu.au Web: www.melbournesnorth.com.au
West Melbourne - Australian Institute of Export 15-17 Dudley Street West Melbourne VIC 3003 Export Adviser: Bill James Tel: (03) 9326-4455 Fax: (03) 9329-9854 Email: billjames@aiex.com.au Web: www.aiex.com.au

 

Western Australia
Albany - Great Southern Development Commission 110 Serpentine Road Albany WA 6330 Export Adviser: Alison Naylor Tel: (08) 9842-4888 Fax: (08) 9842-4828 Email: alison.naylor@gsdc.wa.gov.au Web: www.gsdc.wa.gov.au	Broome - Kimberley Development Commission PO Box 172 Broome WA 6725 Export Adviser: Marty Hayes Tel: (08) 9193-6795 Fax: (08) 9193-6142 Email: marty.hayes@kdc.wa.gov.au Web: www.kdc.wa.gov.au
Bunbury - South West Development Commission Level 9, Bunbury Tower 61 Victoria St Bunbury WA 6230 Export Adviser: Mat Lewis Tel: (08) 9792-2000 Fax: (08) 9791-3223 Email: mat.lewis@swdc.wa.gov.au Web: www.swdc.wa.gov.au	Carnarvon - Gascoyne Development Commission 15 Stuart Street Carnarvon WA 6701 Export Adviser: Rebecca Tate Tel: (08) 9941-1803 Fax: (08) 9941-4713 Email: rebecca.tate@gdc.wa.gov.au Web: www.gdc.wa.gov.au

 

Appendix 2

 

 

Useful websites related to exports

AusIndustry – Export entry point – www.ausindustry.gov.au
An Australian site operated by the Commonwealth Government supplying information and assistance to first time exporters.

Australian Business Limited – www.australianbusiness.com.au
It offers a range of services for its members and their website has some useful tips.

Australian Industry Group – www.aigroup.asn.au
It provides valuable exporter services.

The Australian Institute of Export – www.aiex.com.au
This is a great starting point for courses and publications.

Business.gov.au – www.business.gov.au
A good portal for state and territory government export agencies.

Department of Commerce and UNZ and Co – www.unzco.com/guide.html
Provides a detailed plan for developing markets and also a basic guide for exporting.

Department of State Development and Trade (Qld) – www.sdi.qld.gov.au
Queensland's export programs.

Export61 – www.export61.com
An Australian e-commerce site for Australian exporters. It contains some useful articles and many links for advice about exporting. The links to government agencies and chambers of commerce are excellent.

Export SA – www.exportsa.sa.gov.au
South Australia produces an excellent export roadmap.

Exportsource Canada – www.exportsource.ca
Some useful articles, references and links.

IP Australia – www.ipaustralia.gov.au
Information on protecting your intellectual property.

International Trade Centre – www.intracen.org
It is operated by the UN and WTO. The site has a lot of free and low cost data on international trade.

The NSW Enterprise Workshop – www.enterpriseworkshop.com.au
It offers courses in international business.

NSW Small Business – www.smallbiz.nsw.gov.au/smallbusiness/exporting
NSW has a similar guide at and refers you to the NSW Export Network, where you can learn from other companies.

The State Chamber of Commerce (NSW) – www.thechamber.com.au
It produces a Trade Handbook (also in CD ROM) which is a reference guide for companies starting off in international trade.

Tasmanian Department of Economic Development – www.development.tas.gov.au/export
Offers export development services.

VicExport – www.export.vic.gov.au
An excellent site for learning export basics, with a downloadable export handbook.

WA Department of Industry and Resources – www.doir.wa.gov.au/exportandtrade
It offers a comprehensive online guide to export.

WA Small Business Development Corporation – www.exporters.sbdc.com.au
It operates a Small Business Exporters Network, which has good material on the basics of export.